Campaign
Financing
Bulletin Number: C.2.0.0
Rationale:
The legislation strengthens local accountability and serves to make
election campaigns more transparent by requiring greater campaign financing
disclosure. The legislation also applies to contributions received and
expenses incurred in relation to seeking the endorsement of an elector
organization. The Ministry has produced an updated Candidate’s Guide
that will reflect the following legislative changes affecting candidates.
Note sections in parentheses are relevant Local Government Act
(the Act) amendments.
Provisions:
- The
campaign financing rules apply to individuals who are seeking the
endorsement of an elector organization (sections 33, 83 and 84). This is
accomplished by:
·
changing the definition of
"candidate" to include a person who accepts campaign contributions or
incurs election expenses with the intention of seeking the endorsement of
an elector organization for an election; and
·
expanding the meaning of
"election campaign" to include a campaign to promote the selection of
an individual to be endorsed by an elector organization.
- The
effect of these changes is that individuals seeking the
endorsement of an elector organization must follow the same rules as
for "candidates" in an election, e.g., they must record
contributions and expenses, etc., and, should the individual become a
candidate under section 74 (declaration of candidates), he or she will be
required to include in their disclosure statement all campaign
contributions received and expenses incurred in relation to obtaining the
elector organization’s endorsement (sections 83 and 84).
- Provisions
clarify that all money contributed by a candidate toward his or her
own election campaign is a campaign contribution and must be recorded
and reported in the same manner as other campaign contributions
(section 83). Goods and services provided by a candidate in relation
to his or her campaign are not contributions.
- Elector
organizations must appoint financial agents. The Act continues to provide
that if a candidate does not appoint a financial agent, the person is
his or her own financial agent (s. 85).
- All
financial agents must open separate accounts at a savings institution in
the name of the candidate’s or elector organization’s campaign. A savings
institution is defined under the Interpretation Act to include
banks, credit unions, trust companies, bank subsidiaries under the Trust
and Loan Company Act (Canada),
and BC Community Financial Services Corporation under the
Community Financial Services Act. The accounts must be used exclusively
for the election campaign and all contributions received and all expenses
made to the election campaign must be processed through the campaign
accounts. Note a separate account is required for each candidate as
well as for each elector organization (section 85.1).
- In
addition to recording the name of the contributor and date and value of contribution
the financial agent must also record the address and classification
of the contributor according to one of the following classes (section 88):
individuals; corporations; unincorporated organizations engaged in
business or commercial activity; trade unions; non-profit organizations;
other contributors.
- If the
class of contributor is a numbered corporation or unincorporated
organization, the financial agent must also record the names of either two
directors or two principal officers of the organization (section
88(1)(e)).
- Financial
records must be retained by the financial agent, candidate or elector
organization for seven years (section 88).
- Candidates’
surplus funds of $500 or more must be paid to the Chief Election Officer
(CEO). Surplus funds are funds remaining after:
·
paying election expenses and
expenses incidental to the election campaign (e.g., thank -you advertisements
for supporters and volunteers, etc); and
·
reimbursing the candidate for any
cash contributions made with the candidate’s own money.
- Surplus
funds must be held in trust by the local government and are to be paid to
the financial agent of the candidate (including interest) if
the person is declared a candidate in the next general election or
by-election held before that time. If the candidate does not run
again, the funds revert to the local government. Note this provision
does not apply to elector organizations (section 89.1).
- Section
90 (duty to file disclosure statement) is amended to require that only
individuals who were declared candidates under section 74 must file a
disclosure statement. The amendments also clarify that a disclosure
statement is required even if no contributions are received or expenses
incurred, or if a candidate is acclaimed, dies or withdraws. The
filing deadline for disclosure statements is 120 days after general
voting day.
- The
Disclosure Statement must also report (section 90):
REVENUE:
For contributions of $100 or more, full disclosure under
section 88(1)(a to e):
·
contribution value;
·
contribution date;
·
name of contributor;
·
class of contribution;
·
two principals/directors of the
organization is contribution from either unincorporated organization or
numbered company.
For each anonymous contribution, that
exceeds the anonymous contribution limit (more than $50) under section 87, must
be transferred to the local government with full disclosure under section
88(1)(a and b):
·
contribution value, and
·
contribution date.
For contributions not referred to in section 90 (4)(b) and (c), the
total value of campaign contributions and total number of the contributors from
whom they were received.
The payment of any surplus funds from the local government under section
89.1(5)(a) (transfer of candidate’s surplus election funds.
EXPENSE:
Total election expenses as defined under section 83 and valued under
section 89.
All election expenses according to classes prescribed by the Lieutenant
Governor in Council. ( See Bulletin C.3.0.0).
Section 2 of the BC Regulation 380/93 specifies the different expense
categories, including:
·
advertising and communications;
·
campaign office expenses;
·
conventions and meetings;
·
other campaign functions (other than
convention and meeting);
·
research and polling;
·
transportation; and
·
other.
SURPLUS/DEFICIT:
Any balance for a candidate as referred to in section 89.1(1)
(candidate’s surplus election funds), or any equivalent deficit, on the day the
report is prepared if there was a surplus as referred to in section 89.1 (1),
how that surplus was dealt with.
- The Act
continues to provide for a late filing period (30 days after the end
of the filing period). Disclosure statements may be filed during
this time period on payment of a $500 late filing penalty (section
90.2).
- Failure
to file a disclosure statement still results in an "automatic"
disqualification (i.e., no court declaration of disqualification is
required). Failure to file results in:
·
the office of an elected member
becoming vacant;
·
for all candidates, being
disqualified until after the next general election;
·
for elector organizations, being
disqualified from endorsing a candidate until after the next general election
(section 92 and 92.1).
- Filing
a false or incomplete disclosure statement or supplementary report
can also result in the disqualification of a candidate until after
the next general election. Challenges to the accuracy or completeness
of a candidate’s disclosure statement or supplementary report may be made
by:
- a
council under section 214 (resolution declaring council member
disqualified);
- by 4
electors of the local government applying to the Supreme Court under
section 213 (application to court to declare council member
disqualified);
- an
elector, another nominee or the CEO under section 75 (challenge of
nomination), if the person tries to run in the next general election
or a by-election held before that time; or
- prosecuting
the person for an election offence under section 153(6)(a) or (b)
(providing false or misleading information or making a false or
misleading statement).
- In
order to avoid disqualification for filing a false statement or report, a
candidate must show the court that he or she exercised due diligence to
ensure that an accurate disclosure statement was filed (section 92.4).
- For
elector organizations, filing a false or incomplete disclosure statement
or supplementary report can result in the organization being disqualified
from endorsing a candidate until after the next general election.
Challenges to the accuracy or completeness of an elector
organization’s disclosure statement or supplementary report may be made by
an elector, another nominee or the CEO under section 75 (challenge of
nomination), if the organization tries to endorse a candidate in the next
general election or a by-election held before that time. In order to avoid
disqualification for filing a false statement or report, the financial
agent of the elector organization must show the court that he or she
exercised due diligence to ensure that an accurate disclosure
statement was filed (section 92.5).
- Provisions
respecting supplementary reports (formerly known as "updated
disclosure statements") have been clarified.
Supplementary reports are required if any information required to
reported in a disclosure statement changes or if the financial agent,
candidate or elector organizations discovers that the statement did not
completely or accurately disclose the required information.
Furthermore, the amendments make it clear that filing a supplementary
report to correct or complete information does not automatically prevent
disqualification for filing a false disclosure statement; to avoid disqualification,
due diligence must be shown. The 30 day deadline for filing a
supplementary report has not changed (sections 90.1, 92.4, and 92.5).
- A
candidate or electoral organization may seek relief from the
Supreme Court in relation to the filing obligations for disclosure
statements and supplementary reports. Application to the court in relation
to a disclosure statement can only be made up until the end of the late
filing period. In determining an application for relief, the
court, if it considers that the financial agent and, if applicable, the
candidate have acted in good aith, may:
·
relieve the candidate or elector
organization from the obligation to file the statement or report, or from
specified obligations in relation to the statement or report; or
·
grant an extension of the time for
filing, with or without payment of the late filing penalty of $500 (section
91).
- The
election offences in relation to campaign financing have also been
modified. The Act stipulates that a person contravening any of
the following commits an offence:
·
section 85.1 (campaign accounts);
·
section 86 (restrictions on
accepting contributions and incurring expenses);
·
section 87 (restrictions on making
campaign contributions);
·
section 89.1(4) (transfer of
candidate’s surplus campaign funds); and
·
section 90 (duty to file disclosure
statement)
- Campaign
financing disclosure statements and supplementary reports must be
kept by the local government for public inspection for seven years after
the general voting day to which they relate (section 93).
Local Government Act References:
Primary Sections: 33, 75, 83 to 93,153, 153.1, 156
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